Luyện dịch Việt Anh - Phần II - Luyện dịch câu

I. Câu đơn ( Simple sentence )


Theo L.G Alexander, câu đơn được chia thành 5 nhóm sau :

1. Subject + Verd

         My head            aches

2. Subject + Verb + Complement

              He                   is                a good student

3. Subject + Verd + Direct Object

              He               drinks                     coke

4. Subject + Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object

               I                  gave                            him                                  a book

5. Subject + Verb + Object + Complement

           They                made              him                          sad


II. Câu kép ( Compound sentence )

Công thức chung :  Subject + Verb + Object + Conjunction + Subject + Verb + Complement

                                 He       fell off  his bike          but                he         was          unhurt


Theo L.G Alexander, câu kép có thể phân thành 4 loại:

Loại 1

Subject + Verb + maner + conjunction + subject + verb + complement

   He         worked hard           and              he     became    a doctor

Loại 2

Subject + verd + object + conjunction + subject + verb + place

She has got a cold so she is going to the bed

Loại 3

Subject + verb + object + complement + conjunction + (subject) + verb + object

They made him chairman but (they) didn't increase his salary

Loại 4

Subject + verb + complement + conjunction + subject + verb + object + object

Her birthday is next Monday so I must buy her a present


III. Câu phức ( Complex sentence )

Công thức 1 : Main clause + subordinate clause
Công thức 2 : Subordinate clause + main clause

Các mệnh đề phụ có thể được xếp làm 3 loại :

1. Noun clause : 
He told me that the macth had been cancelled

2. Relative or adjectival clause : 
Holiday resorts which are very crowded are not very pleasant

3. Adverbial clause :
However hard I try, I can't remember people's names